Meeting With Jinnah

When it was clear the independence of India was imminent and near, the Islamic leader Mr Jinnah who rallied behind Gandhi all this while was advocating for an independent nation separate from India for the Muslim populace. His reason was that the Muslims did not want to be a minority in a Hindu filled India. This increased the animosity between the two factions with some Hindus rallying in an effort to stop Gandhi from meeting with Mr Jinnah. This speech was his address to them.
This short speech is a deliberative rhetoric as it is in a form of argument between himself and the audience. Also, because he is urging them to stop shouting and waving flags for Mr Jinnah to be killed.
The dominant appeal here is the ethical appeal(ethos). He persuades them to see the Muslims as their fellow brothers by setting himself as an example, he says" i am a Muslim and a Hindu and a Christian and a Jew and so are all of you".He knows very well that they respect and approve of him and his values so if he(Gandhi) is able to relate this way to everybody so should they.
The figure of speech used in the above quote is the polysyndeton. He mentions the conjunction "and" in close succession about a dozen times to make him look mult-ireligious and affirm the idea that they are all one people. He was appalled by what they were and told them to stop it.

The Long Walk

This speech was more about the gesture than the words spoken. There's been a royal monopoly on the manufacture of salt and it was illegal to make salt without permission from the British government. Gandhi's decision to walk 240 miles to the sea to make salt was predominantly the appeal to emotion (pathos).

His action sort to stir a lot of emotions from both sides. Looking at it from the Indian perspective, the long walk's primary importance was symbolic as control over the salt meant control over the pulse of India and from the British point it went down as a form of disrespect to their leadership and cemented the fact that they were no ,ore in control of the Indian populace.
During this journey, people were cheering, happy, all sorts of positive emotions were expressed. The main concept behind this gesture was to provoke the British empire and he achieved that effect to the maximum.

When he got to the ocean and fetched some of the salt, he raised his hands and said these words "this salt comes from Indian ocean, let every Indian claim it as his right'. This statement although literally means they should take control of the salt metaphorically he is reaffirming the fact that India is for the Indian people and that they should reclaim it. It also goes to clarify the minds of Indian who had a figment of doubt that the country was their for the taking.

Defying the British

In this speech, the main style(elucutio) used is the low plain style as he is instructing and telling them what to do to gain independence and urging them to stay strong. by stating "there must be Hindu-Muslim unity always, no Indian must be treated as as the English treat us. We must remove untouchability from our hearts and from our lives, we must defy the British".

The third instruction he Gandhi involved the use of pathos as the Indians were just coming off a recent massacre of hundreds of unarmed Indians by the British army. So when he instructed them to defy the British that statement was more than welcomed and received a thunderous ovation from the audience.

The dominant appeal here is the appeal to character(ethos). It is a well known fact that a huge portion of the Indian populace buy British clothes which in turn causes the privation of the Indians "English factories make the cloth that makes our poverty". He asks them to bring all their English made clothes to be burnt as an act of defiance to the British and continues with "if you are left with only one piece of home spun, like me, wear it with dignity". Gandhi had made it a point to live,dress and eat like the regular Indian ever since he returned to India. This appeal worked the rest of the people saw him as a poor man just like them who related and understood their sufferings. However, this wouldn't have been the case if he were dressed like an English that he is.

The truth about India

Gandhi, after relocating back to India toured the whole country trying to get to know the people better. He felt he needed to really understand the people before taking his next course of action. After his tour he gave this speech.
This speech is more of a narration his encounters during his tour and what needs to be done so it's style was the low plain style. Some members of the audience started walking away because he was a speaker they were unaccustomed but stopped to pay attention to him when he mentioned "the politics of the people of India is confined to bread and salt, illiterate hey may be but they are not blind, they see no reason to give their loyalty to rich and powerful men who simply want to take over the role of the British". They started paying heed to what he was saying because he was relaying exactly their thoughts. And like St Augustine defines the means of persuasion by the use of emotional appeal "he likes what you promise, fears what you say is imminent, hates what you censure, embraces what you commend,regrets whatever you built up as regrettable, rejoices at what you say is cause for rejoicing, sympathises with those whose wretchedness your words bring before his very eyes, shuns those whom you admonish him to shun ". Gandhi uses this mode of persuasion to full effect.
This speech was the first speech he gave since his return so he used to pathos to establish his ethical character as a person who was always for the people. It was the start of a rhetorical timeline and he knew he had to move the people to rally behind him.

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The Indian Marriage

In this speech, Gandhi addressed the new law enacted by the British government as a response to the Indians defiance to carry pass books at all times. This is a deliberative rhetoric because it is in a form of a discussion or argument between him and the audience about the present issues the Indians face in South Africa.
He starts his speech by welcoming everybody including the English policemen. He states that we(Indians) have no secrets addressing the police and making them receptive of what he's about to say which in rhetorical terms is his exordium.
He then moves categorically spell out the new law passed, "all Indians must be finger printed like criminals, men and women, no marriage other than a christian one is considered valid". He uses logos(the appeal to reason) to to infer that if no marriage besides a christian marriage is considered valid then "our wives and mother are whores ad every man here is a bastard and that a policeman passing an Indian dwelling may enter and demand the card of any Indian woman whose dwelling" and carefully digress this statement to stress how despicable and disrespectful the law is "the policeman does not have to stand at the door, he may enter". Upon saying this, it generated a lot of outrage from the crowd and you can hear one of the leaders commending how good Gandhi has developed as a speaker. Some part of the audience was infuriated by his analysis of this law, they cut in on his speech to raise their grievances. One of the said '' i swear to Allah, i will kill the man who offers that insult to my home and wife and let them hang me", the other said " is say talk means nothing , kill a few officials before they disgrace one Indian woman".Both opinions were welcomed and highly endorsed by the crowd.
The Indian marriage is one of the sacred institutions in the Indian tradition. The men view their wives and marriage in high esteem. An insult to their marriage or wife is not one they will take lightly. Gandhi, of course, being an Indian man knows this and therefore knew the exact emotional strings to pull from the audience. He knew if he interpreted in this manner it will generate this amount of animosity within the crowd and therefore used it perfectly. This is an ideal application of pathos in rhetorical terms.

He then moves on to his peroratio/ conclusion where he mentions again what the police will do to them and that they should not give in. He nears the end of the speech by using pathos again when he says" they may torture my body, break my bones, even kill me. Then they will have my dead body   but not my obedience". This powerful statement sent the crowd in a frenzy and when he finally asked them to take an oath to ensure they will stick to what he preached he had the unwavering support of everybody in the room.

The Pass Book Issue

In Richard Attenborough's 1982 adaptation of the life of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Ben Kingsley the Gandhi character gives his first speech at a working site filled with Indians and their wives guarded by the the British Police.
Gandhi first of all uses ethos by making sure his wife is a part of the movement to increase his credibility to the crowd. He also uses personal pronouns, we, our, ourselves to cement his relationship and establish himself as a part of the audience.
He uses logos conclusively to draw that that the symbol of status of all indians in South Africa at that time was embodied in the passbook they were required to carry at all  times but this was not so the for the Europeans. And that since they (Indians and Europeans) were all part of the British Empire they(the Indians) should boycott the passbook requirement.
He also use pathos with his actions. When he started burning the passbook and he was whipped severely by the police, in an effort to make him stop, he persevered through the beatings to complete the task of burning the passbook. This stirred the crowd emotionally as they finally saw Gandhi as a man who was willing to do whatever was necessary to get the job done.
This speech is more of an epideictic one because he addresses one the current grievances of the Indian populace in South Africa. He also places blame on the British authorities for being the cause of their suffering today. The speech also has an element of both forensic and deliberative rhetoric. He uses deliberative rhetoric to incite the crowd to join him in protesting against the passbook law and uses forensic rhetoric by mentioning

 
segregation and how the Indians have badly been treated in the past and how that should be corrected.